Category: Drugs

Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief, fever reduction, and anti-inflammatory purposes. It is commonly used to treat mild to moderate pain and inflammation. Mechanism of Action Ibuprofen works by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, COX-1 and COX-2. This inhibition reduces the production of prostaglandins, which are involved in pain, inflammation,…

Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4) used to treat hypothyroidism. It helps restore normal thyroid hormone levels, improving symptoms and overall well-being. Mechanism of Action Levothyroxine replaces or supplements the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4) in the body. This hormone is crucial for regulating metabolism, energy production, and overall growth and…

Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. It helps relax blood vessels, improving blood flow and reducing blood pressure. Mechanism of Action Lisinopril works by inhibiting the ACE enzyme, which is involved in the production of angiotensin II, a substance that narrows blood vessels. By reducing…

Metformin is an oral hypoglycemic agent used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus. It helps control blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity. Mechanism of Action Metformin works by reducing glucose production in the liver, increasing insulin sensitivity, and enhancing glucose uptake by muscles. This helps lower blood sugar levels and improve overall glycemic control.…

Metoprolol is a beta-blocker used to treat high blood pressure, angina, and heart failure. It helps reduce the workload on the heart and lower blood pressure. Mechanism of Action Metoprolol works by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart, which reduces the effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline. This action slows the heart rate and decreases the…

Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used to manage asthma and allergic rhinitis. It helps reduce inflammation and relieve symptoms of allergies and asthma. Mechanism of Action Montelukast works by blocking leukotriene receptors, which are involved in the inflammatory response. By inhibiting leukotrienes, montelukast reduces inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus production. Uses Side Effects Common side…

Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic medication for pain relief and fever reduction. It is commonly used for mild to moderate pain and fever management. Mechanism of Action Paracetamol works by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins in the brain, which helps reduce pain and fever. Unlike NSAIDs, it has minimal anti-inflammatory effects.…

Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) used to treat acid reflux and peptic ulcer disease. It reduces stomach acid production, providing relief from symptoms and promoting healing. Mechanism of Action Omeprazole works by inhibiting the hydrogen-potassium ATPase enzyme system in the stomach lining. This inhibition reduces the production of gastric acid, helping to alleviate…

Sertraline is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used to treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and panic disorder. It helps improve mood and reduce anxiety by increasing serotonin levels in the brain. Mechanism of Action Sertraline works by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, a neurotransmitter, in the brain. This action increases serotonin levels, which helps…

Simvastatin is a statin used to lower cholesterol levels and reduce cardiovascular risk. It helps prevent heart disease by reducing cholesterol production in the liver. Mechanism of Action Simvastatin works by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme involved in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This inhibition lowers the production of cholesterol, reducing the risk of cardiovascular…