Category: Drugs

Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside used to treat heart failure and certain types of irregular heartbeat, such as atrial fibrillation. Mechanism of Action Digoxin works by inhibiting the sodium-potassium ATPase pump, leading to an increase in intracellular calcium concentration in cardiac cells. This enhances cardiac contractility (positive inotropic effect) and controls heart rate by affecting…

Duloxetine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) used to treat major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and certain types of chronic pain. Mechanism of Action Duloxetine works by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, increasing their levels in the brain. This helps improve mood, alleviate anxiety, and reduce pain perception. Uses Side Effects Common…

Benzodiazepines are a class of medications widely used for their sedative, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant properties. They are often prescribed for anxiety disorders, insomnia, and seizure control. Mechanism of Action Benzodiazepines enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA-A receptor. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces neuronal excitability. By…

Benadryl (Diphenhydramine) is a first-generation antihistamine commonly used to treat allergy symptoms, motion sickness, and insomnia. It is widely available over the counter and is known for its sedative effects. Mechanism of Action Diphenhydramine works by blocking histamine H1 receptors. Histamine is a substance produced by the body during an allergic reaction, leading to symptoms…

Atorvastatin is a widely prescribed medication used to manage cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. It belongs to the statin class of drugs, known for their efficacy in lowering cholesterol and improving heart health. Mechanism of Action Atorvastatin works by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme involved in the production of cholesterol in…

Aspirin is a widely used medication known for its effectiveness in relieving pain, reducing fever, and serving as an anti-inflammatory agent. First synthesized in 1897 by Felix Hoffmann at Bayer, aspirin remains a cornerstone in both over-the-counter and prescription medicine cabinets globally. Mechanism of Action Aspirin belongs to a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory…