Sertraline is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used to treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and panic disorder. It helps improve mood and reduce anxiety by increasing serotonin levels in the brain.
Mechanism of Action
Sertraline works by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin, a neurotransmitter, in the brain. This action increases serotonin levels, which helps improve mood and alleviate symptoms of anxiety and OCD.
Uses
- Depression: Sertraline is effective in treating major depressive disorder, improving mood, energy levels, and overall well-being.
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: It helps reduce obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors.
- Panic Disorder: Sertraline is used to manage symptoms of panic attacks and reduce their frequency.
Side Effects
Common side effects of sertraline include:
- Nausea: Gastrointestinal upset, including nausea, is common.
- Insomnia: Difficulty sleeping can occur.
- Sexual Dysfunction: Sertraline can affect sexual desire and performance.
Precautions
To use sertraline safely, consider these precautions:
- Monitor Mental Health: Be vigilant for worsening depression or suicidal thoughts, especially in young adults.
- Avoid Abrupt Discontinuation: Gradually taper off under medical supervision to avoid withdrawal symptoms.
- Be Aware of Serotonin Syndrome: Although rare, serotonin syndrome is a potential risk. Symptoms include agitation, hallucinations, rapid heart rate, and increased body temperature.